Frazier, M. Chelsea, “Troubling Ecology: Wangechi Mutu, Octavia Butler, and Black Feminist Interventions in Environmentalism”, 2016, pp. 40-72 https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/jcritethnstud.2.1.0040?casa_token=Z04lEBNWwmwAAAAA%3AW9OlW217AlS0zbSTtooyjlhdUOPajOPzJadn_5a1WgtT-6n_zglZmDPd7xMrV4IkS5JhJ6RMgqLH5GYCl4a8TVrQgkfvVoMRT8nA5zi69a6_orTdoo8&seq=18

• In this book, Frazier discusses how Lauren, Zahra, and Henry undergo significant changes in gender and racial identity. It goes into depth about how different they are from each other and their dynamic as a trio. It also discusses how Lauren does not fit into the usual gender norm, she makes a great leader as her focus is elsewhere than becoming someone’s mate and she is the most resourceful.

Monk, Patricia, “Frankenstein’s Daughters: The Problems of the Feminine Image in Science Fiction”, 1980, pp. 15-27

Frankenstein’s Daughters: The Problems of the Feminine Image in Science Fiction on JSTOR

PATRICIA MONK, Frankenstein’s Daughters: The Problems of the Feminine Image in Science Fiction, Mosaic: An Interdisciplinary Critical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 3/4, OTHER WORLDS: Fantasy and Science Fiction Since 1939 (SPRING/SUMMER 1980), pp. 15-27

• This article discusses how women in science fiction normally had zero roles in the genre. When women are included they are mainly the supporting character for the male protagonist. They don’t do much and are stereotypes. Most authors choose a male protagonist for the sci-fi stories.

Therí, A. Pickens, “Octavia Butler and the Aesthetics of the Novel”, 2015, pp. 167-180

Octavia Butler and the Aesthetics of the Novel on JSTOR

THERÍ A. PICKENS, Octavia Butler and the Aesthetics of the Novel, Hypatia, Vol. 30, No. 1, SPECIAL ISSUE: New Conversations in Feminist Disability Studies (WINTER 2015), pp. 167-180

•  Pickens discusses how Lauren goes beyond gender and her abilities. It is stated that the novel shows Lauren with either characteristics of male or female. She can’t just take on the role of a woman who will struggle to survive; She has to protect others and adapt in this dystopian world.